How To Draw Something To Scale
You can download a handy pdf of this postal service Understanding Calibration Drawings by clicking the download button below!
Understanding the concept of architectural scales and scale drawings
Scale drawings permit united states to accurately represent sites, spaces, buildings and details to a smaller or more practical size than the original.
When a cartoon is described equally 'to scale', it means that each element in that drawing is in the same proportion, related to the real or proposed thing – it is smaller or indeed larger by a particular percent.
If something is 'drawn to scale' nosotros look that it has been drawn, or printed, to a mutual calibration that is used as standard in the structure industry. Equally we proceeds a ameliorate understanding of calibration, we tin view a drawing in a detail calibration and instantly recognise and understand the spaces, zones and gain a quick understanding of the existing or proposed spatial relationships.
In the existent earth, one meter is equal to ane meter. A drawing at a scale of 1:10 ways that the object is ten times smaller than in real life scale 1:1. You could also say, 1 unit in the cartoon is equal to x units in existent life.
As the numbers in the calibration get bigger, i.e. 1:50 – 1:200, the elements in the cartoon actually get smaller. This is because in a drawing at 1:50 there is 1 unit for every 50 unit in real life. A drawing of 1:200 is representing 200 units for every ane unit – and therefore is showing the elements smaller than the 1:l drawing.
It is worth noting that scale drawings represent the aforementioned units. So, if a cartoon is at 1:fifty in cm, 1cm in the drawing will be equal to 50cm in real life. Similarly, if a cartoon is in mm, at one:200 – one mm unit in the drawing will represent 200mm in existent life.
The paradigm higher up shows an example of a drawing fix with different scales to demonstrate different aspects of the pattern. (cad drawing courtesy of bibliocad.com). Yous may want to represent a site plan at a scale of 1:500, only perhaps show floor plans at 1:100 for instance.
Working with scales for architectural representation
In architecture, we employ a collection of standard scales to stand for our designs. For example, it is mutual exercise to produce floor plans at a calibration of one:100 (dependent on size of project and paper). Once you lot gain an understanding of scales, information technology is easy to understand which scale is well-nigh suited to which blazon of drawing.
Calibration bar blocks courtesy of cad-blocks.co.uk.
These scale bars bear witness what ane unit represents at different scales.
The general requirement of a scaled drawing is to convey the relevant information clearly with the required level of detail. If y'all are working in practice in that location will oftentimes be office standards. For example, they may only use layout sheets of either A3 or A1 – depending on the scale of the projection and information that is being represented. As a student, you lot need to make these decisions based on manufacture standard. It is ever best to use a 'round' scale, i.eastward., one of the scales mentioned below, and non make upward your own.
What scale should I use?
The following looks at the recommended scales for architectural use in the metric system. The chosen scale and paper size will frequently depend on the size of site/pattern of each individual project.
Location Plan and Key Plans
one:1250 (ofttimes requested by planners)
i:1000
one:500
Site Plans, Sketch schemes etc
one:200
ane:100
Plan drawings – floor plans, elevations, sections
1:100
1:50
Room plans, interior elevations
one:xx
Component / detail drawings
1:10
one:5
Working out the scale
A scale is shown as a ratio, for example 1:100. A drawing at a scale of 1:100 means that the object is 100 times smaller than in real life calibration i:1. Y'all could likewise say, i unit in the drawing is equal to 100 units in real life.
And then, if we were drawing a table that measured 100cm broad by 200cm long at a calibration of 1:50, you would draw the table 2cm broad by 4cm long on your piece of paper. This is worked out by dividing the real life size (100cm) past 50 (1:50 scale). This gives you a consequence of 2cm. For the length of the table we divide 200cm by l to go a effect of 4cm.
Of grade, information technology is not necessary to summate the required measurements when you draw. Y'all can either use a scale ruler to hand draw your plans, or software such as Revit, AutoCAD, ArchiCAD that volition let you to present your drawings at any calibration and hands switch betwixt scales as required.
How to use a scale ruler
A scale ruler is a tool that architects, engineers and designers use to describe their designs at an appropriate scale that it fits on a piece of paper and is in proportion to accurately convey the scheme. The scale ruler comes in different shapes, flat or triangular merely they all provide sets of graduated numbered spaces, that establishes a proportion of one unit to the specified unit of measurement, i.e. different scales. As an instance, the ruler I accept in front of me now has the following scales; 1:1, 1:100, ane:xx, ane:200, 1:5, 1:500, 1:1250, i:2500.
Calibration rules have varying number of scales on them, depending on their intended utilise. Using a scale dominion is pretty easy when yous know how.
When y'all are drawing a plan, y'all select the calibration yous intend to utilise by turn the ruler to the appropriate side. You can then draw the line to the desired measurement using the scale ruler. For example, if y'all accept select to draw a 5m wall at ane:100, you would select your i:100 side of the ruler, and depict 5 units along the ruler, as each unit represents 1m.
When you are reading plans, you establish the scale of the drawing or plans, and select that calibration on your ruler, you are and so able to mensurate the lines using the right scale.
How to scale a drawing up or down
Permit'south await at converting a scale cartoon to a dissimilar calibration. You can considering irresolute the calibration of a drawing past a decimal cistron or by a percent. For example, lets imagine we accept a drawing at 1:50, but we desire amend the scale, to bear witness that cartoon at 1:200. A drawing at i:200 is 4 times larger than a drawing at 1:fifty, therefore we would need to increase the size of the drawing iv x. The table below demonstrates the different scale factors required to catechumen a scale upward or down.
Table: Converting scales up or down
Being able to calibration drawings upward and downward using percentages has become very useful too. Working in Adobe (Photoshop, InDesign etc), y'all will notice you can adjust the size of an object using a percentage, which is great if you lot are wanting to accurately scale a drawing up or downwards while working in photoshop while maintaining a precise scale.
Lets imagine you lot are working on a drawing that you lot have imported into an A4 sized photoshop document. The drawing you lot have imported does not quite fit at its current scale of ane:50, so yous volition need to reduce the scale in order to clasp the paradigm onto the folio, while maintaining an accurate scale. By using the table below, we tin can see that to catechumen from a scale of 1:50, downwards to 1:100 we would need to reduce the drawing by 50%. To practice this we would brand certain the dimension ratios of the prototype are locked, and go along to type 50% into the size box.
Obviously this is a simple case but you get the idea. The table below provides the basic conversion percentages to scale a drawing up or down using the standard metric scales.
Table: Converting scales upwardly or down
Paper size scales and magnification
Nosotros can now look at alteration paper size scales and magnification. At that place are times when you may have a drawing on an A4 piece of newspaper, that you lot demand to scale up to an A3 piece of paper for example. Let's imagine y'all were needing to trace this drawing and so would use a photocopier to scale the drawing upward to the necessary size.
How to convert paper sizes?
To convert the paper size y'all tin can utilize the percentages in the tabular array below. Annotation that these percentages do not correspond to the calibration factors. Then, if y'all scale or magnify a paper size accurately, it does non hateful that you will retain an accurate (or standard) scale of the drawing. So, if you desire to increase the calibration of a cartoon using a photocopier, simply want to increment it to a standard scale (1:10 for example) then you lot must use the percentage factors for converting calibration. If information technology is only the paper size yous wish to change, so you can utilize the paper size converter. I hope that makes sense.
Table: Converting newspaper sizes and magnification factors
Working with paper sizes
When working with ISO newspaper layouts nosotros know that the standard size of paper was developed on the basis of an expanse of 1m2, divided co-ordinate to the ratio of the sides.
This basic format of 1m2 then forms the basis for all other smaller sizes. All A sized paper is either halving or doubling the basic format.
10 10 Y = 1
Below is a listing of all the A newspaper sizes.
Working with scales digitally
Ane of the great things near using digital drafting software is that you can produce drawings equally multiple scales from ane single drawing. Programs such as Revit, AutoCAD, ArchiCAD and many more, allow you to depict upward your designs at 1:1 scale, that is real life size, and produce drawings or plots of these designs at an appropriate scale for the paper size you lot accept selected.
When working in CAD you tin can let the software do some of the hard work for y'all by making utilize of the paper space option to create layouts. On your layout sheet you are then able to create viewports which feature your drawing at the required scale. I take recorded a couple of tutorials that will aid with setting up drawings for printing at appropriate scales.
I have also recorded a tutorial that explains how to calibration a drawing in cad. This is useful if you take imported a cartoon at a different scale.
You tin download my dynamic scale bar cad blocks here:
You tin download a handy pdf of this post by clicking the download push button below!
Hope yous find this useful, if you have whatever questions, or there is something else you would like to know about, please drop me an emaill (emma@firstinarchitecture.co.britain) or comment below 
Source: https://www.firstinarchitecture.co.uk/understanding-scales-and-scale-drawings/
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